Friday, August 13, 2010

不如說是、有人坐嗎?

問: China's recent labour unrest is less a sign of instability than a country moving towards a very different future這一句,下半截即 less a sign開始的文法結構是怎樣的?

答: More/ less a... than a...這句式,有「與其說是……,不如說是……」的意思,例如:( 1) He is more a dreamer than a revolutionary(他與其說是革命家,不如說是夢想者)。( 2) The book is less an account of the murder than a vindication of it(這本書的重點在於為那宗謀殺案辯護,而不是敍述案件的經過)。

讀者示下那一句, than之後略去了重複的 a sign of三字。全句是說:「中國最近的工人運動,與其說是反映社會不穩定,不如說是反映中國正走向一個遽變的未來。」

問:要問人家「這個座位有沒有人坐」,可不可以說 Is this seat empty?

答:英文一般的說法是 Is this seat free/ taken/ occupied?或 Is anyone/ someone sitting here?例如:( 1)"Excuse me, is this seat free?" "No, I'm sorry, someone's sitting here."(「請問這座位有沒有人坐?」「有,有人坐的,對不起。」)( 2)"Is this seat taken?" "No, it's free."(「這座位有沒有人坐?」「沒有。」)

Is this seat empty?這說法當然也可以,但較少人說。英文有個「女郎拒絕陌生漢搭訕」的笑話:"Is this seat empty?" "Yes, and mine will be if you sit down."(「這個座位有人坐嗎?」「沒有。要是你坐下來,我的座位也會沒有人坐。」)

(古德明)

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