Wednesday, July 28, 2010

兩個句式、實現

問:以下兩句, comfortable之後為什麼一用 ing動詞,一用「 to+原形動詞( infinitive)」?( 1) Many people do not feel comfortable giving out their phone number(不少人都不大放心把自己的電話號碼給人家)。( 2) Flip-flops can be very comfortable to wear(人字拖鞋穿起來可以很舒適)。

答:讀者說的是兩個句式,不是 comfortable一字的特別用法。 Comfortable之外, bored、 busy、 fed up、 happy、 tired等形容詞,也常帶出 ing動詞,那 ing動詞說出句子的主詞( subject)在做什麼,例如:( 1) I was happy chatting with him(我和他聊天,感到很愉快)。( 2) He got fed up waiting for his girlfriend(他等待女朋友,等得不耐煩了)。( 3) He was never tired telling everyone his past glories(他見人就說自己往日多麼風光,從不厭倦)。

又 comfortable之外, easy、 difficult/ hard、 dangerous、 pleasant等形容詞,也常帶出「 to+原形動詞」,所說是句子主詞的性質,例如:( 1) He is easy/ difficult to get along with(他是個容易/不容易相處的人)。( 2) The fast-flowing river is dangerous to cross(那條河水流湍急,過河十分危險)。

問: He was able to make good his escape(他得以逃脫)這一句的 make good是什麼意思?

答: Make good兩字連用,有「實現」的意思,常見於 make good one's escape(逃脫)這片語,但也可用來說實現其他事情,例如: I dared him to make good his boast(他那樣誇口,我就叫他試試看,不要說得出做不到)。

(古德明)

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