Wednesday, July 21, 2010

Being和 no

問: One should not be ashamed of being poor(我們不應以貧窮為羞恥)這一句, being是什麼詞類( part of speech),在句子裏有什麼用?

答:英文介系詞( preposition)之後,習慣用名詞或動名詞( gerund),例如「她以美麗著名」,英文不可譯做 She is famous for beautiful,形容詞 beautiful須改為名詞 her beauty;「謝謝你答應幫忙」也不可譯做 Thank you for agree to help,動詞 agree須改為動名詞 agreeing。

讀者示下那一句,介系詞 of之後不可用形容詞 poor。要更正,可用 poor的名詞 poverty,或在 poor之前用動名詞 being,即 One should not be ashamed of one's poverty/ of being poor。

留意形容詞或過去分詞( past participle,即 ed形式動詞),冠以 being,可作名詞用,例如:( 1) Being sacked is no pleasant experience(被炒魷魚,絕對不是愉快的事)。( 2) Being illiterate placed him at a great disadvantage(他不識字,這對他很不利)。

問: There are no boys/ is no boy in the room(房間裏沒有男孩子)這一句,哪個選擇正確?

答: No之後用可數( countable)或不可數( uncountable)名詞都可以。可數名詞多用複數形式,但假如所說人、物一般應是單數,則用單數形式,例如:( 1) The couple have no children(那對夫婦沒有兒女)。( 2) He has no heart(他冷酷無情)。

讀者說的句子,通常會用複數名詞: There are no boys in the room。

(古德明)

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