Saturday, June 26, 2010

死去的女郎、最涼的五月

問: The relatives and friends of the two girls killed in the crash attended the ritual(死於撞車事故的兩名女郎的親友,出席了儀式)這一句, killed可不可以改為 being killed?

答: The two girls killed in the crash是 the two girls who were killed in the crash的縮略, killed不可改為 being killed。這個縮略法十分常見,例如:( 1) The reward is commensurate with the risk( that is) involved(報酬和所冒風險相等)。( 2) The rings and watches( which were) displayed were all very expensive(展出的戒指、手錶都很昂貴)。

英文的 ing動詞,一般有「正在進行」含義,例如: I heard the screams of the two girls( who were) being tortured(我聽見那兩個正受酷刑的女郎尖叫)。讀者說的那一句, killed假如改為 being killed,似是說那兩個女郎正在死亡,那當然不對。

問:「今年的五月,是四十年來最涼的五月」這一句,譯做英文,可不可以說 The May of this year is the coolest one since the Junes of the past 40 years?

答:「今年的五月」,說時應已過去,所以讀者那句翻譯的動詞宜用過去式 was,不用 is;而 since(自從)一字也用得不妥當。全句可改正如下: The May of this year was the coolest( one) in the past 40 years。假如要用 since一字,則可從今年起倒算四十年至一九七○年,而以 since 1970取代 in the past 40 years。

(古德明)

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